All Inclusive - Muscle and Joint Health

Full Blood Count (FBC):

• Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)
• Haemoglobin (Hb)
• Haematocrit (Hct)
• Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
• Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin(MCH)
• Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
• Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
• Platelets (Plt)
• Mean Platelet Volume (MPV)
• White Blood Cell Count (WBC): Lymphocytes, Monocytes , Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils.

Liver Function Test:

• Albumin, Globulin, Total protein, Bilirubin, Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT).

Kidney Function Test:

• Urea, Creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)

Test for Rheumatoid Arthritis:

• Rheumatoid Factor
• Anti CCP

Inflammatory Marker:

• Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

Vitamin:

• Vitamin D

Test for Gout:

• Uric Acid

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)

Creatine Kinase (CK)

Calcium

Phosphate

 

 

Full Blood Count (FBC)

Red Blood Cells (RBC): RBCs are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. Low levels can indicate anaemia, leading to fatigue, weakness, and muscle soreness. Proper RBC levels are essential for muscle function and recovery.

White Blood Cells (WBC): WBCs help protect the body against infections and inflammation. Elevated levels may indicate infection or inflammation, both of which can exacerbate joint pain and muscle discomfort, especially in conditions like arthritis. Low WBC levels could signal a weakened immune system, increasing susceptibility to joint infections or flare-ups.

Haemoglobin (Hb): Haemoglobin is a protein in RBCs that carries oxygen to tissues. Low levels of haemoglobin can cause anaemia, leading to reduced oxygen supply to muscles, which may contribute to weakness, fatigue, and joint pain.

Hematocrit: This test measures the percentage of blood made up of RBCs. Low hematocrit levels may indicate anaemia, while high levels can signal dehydration, both of which can worsen joint and muscle function, particularly during physical activity.

Platelets: Platelets help in blood clotting. Low platelet counts may lead to excessive bleeding and bruising, while high counts could increase the risk of blood clots. Proper platelet function is important for muscle recovery and joint health, particularly after injury or strenuous exercise.

Kidney Function Test

Creatinine: A waste product from muscle metabolism. High creatinine levels can indicate kidney issues, which may lead to fluid retention and swelling in muscles and joints, worsening pain in conditions like arthritis.

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR): This is a measure of kidney function. Lower values may indicate reduced kidney function, potentially causing fluid imbalance, which can affect joint health and increase pain or swelling in joints.

Urea: A waste product from protein breakdown. Elevated levels may indicate kidney issues or dehydration, which can lead to muscle cramps, fatigue, and joint pain. Proper kidney function is key to maintaining optimal muscle and joint health.

Liver Function Tests

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT): ALT is an enzyme found in the liver. Elevated levels often suggest liver damage. In some cases, liver dysfunction can contribute to joint pain and muscle weakness due to metabolic imbalances.

Albumin: A protein made by the liver that helps maintain blood pressure and volume. Low levels may suggest liver disease or malnutrition, leading to muscle weakness and joint swelling due to fluid retention.

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): Elevated ALP levels can indicate liver disease or bone disorders. High ALP may also signal bone issues that could affect joint function, causing pain or stiffness in weight-bearing joints.

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST): AST is an enzyme found in several tissues, including muscles. Elevated levels may indicate liver damage, muscle injury, or heart disease. Muscle damage can exacerbate pain and stiffness in both muscles and joints.

Bilirubin: High levels of bilirubin can lead to jaundice and suggest liver dysfunction. Liver issues may affect muscle and joint health, leading to pain or discomfort in the joints.

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT): Elevated GGT levels may indicate liver disease or bile duct obstruction. Chronic liver problems can contribute to joint pain, particularly in inflammatory conditions like arthritis.

Globulin: Globulins are proteins in the blood involved in immune function. Abnormal levels can indicate liver or kidney disease, both of which may increase inflammation and worsen joint pain or swelling.

Total Protein: Low or high levels of total protein can suggest liver or kidney problems, both of which may contribute to muscle weakness and joint issues, potentially exacerbating pain or discomfort.

Bone and Heart Health

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH): LDH is an enzyme found in tissues like muscles and liver. Elevated LDH levels can indicate muscle injury or liver disease, both of which can worsen muscle soreness or joint discomfort, especially in those with arthritis.

Creatine Kinase (CK): CK is an enzyme that plays a key role in muscle function. Elevated CK levels are often a sign of muscle damage, which can lead to soreness, stiffness, and joint discomfort, particularly in athletes or individuals with inflammatory conditions like arthritis.

Calcium: Essential for bone health and muscle function. Abnormal calcium levels can contribute to bone disorders and muscle cramps, increasing the risk of joint pain and stiffness, particularly in arthritis sufferers.

Sodium: Sodium helps regulate fluid balance and nerve function. Abnormal sodium levels can contribute to swelling or fluid retention, which may worsen joint pain and stiffness, particularly in inflammatory conditions like arthritis.

Test for Gout

Uric Acid: High uric acid levels can lead to gout, a type of arthritis characterised by sudden, severe joint pain, particularly in the toes and feet. Monitoring uric acid levels is important for managing and preventing gout flare-ups.

Vitamin D: Vitamin D is vital for bone health and immune function. Low levels can lead to bone pain, joint stiffness, and muscle weakness, increasing the risk of osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders.

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): ESR measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a test tube. Elevated levels suggest inflammation in the body, which is commonly associated with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, where inflammation leads to joint pain and swelling.

Rheumatoid Factor (RF): RF is an antibody often present in rheumatoid arthritis. Elevated RF levels can help diagnose rheumatoid arthritis, a condition that causes joint inflammation, stiffness, and pain, particularly in the hands and knees.

Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (Anti-CCP): High levels of Anti-CCP are strongly indicative of rheumatoid arthritis, which causes chronic inflammation, leading to joint pain, deformities, and swelling.